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The evolving landscape of pediatric obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Resthie R Putri1,2

  • 1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|November 13, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric obesity is driving a rise in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in children. This review highlights risks, consequences, and research gaps for this growing public health issue.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Global pediatric obesity rates are increasing.
  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is rising in children.
  • Pediatric MASLD is linked to severe liver conditions and cardiometabolic issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the risks and consequences of pediatric MASLD in obese children.
  • To identify critical research gaps in pediatric MASLD.
  • To outline future directions for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pediatric obesity and MASLD.
  • Analysis of current research on MASLD in children.
  • Identification of knowledge gaps and future research priorities.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric obesity is a primary driver of MASLD.
  • MASLD in children can progress to advanced liver disease.
  • Significant comorbidities associated with pediatric MASLD include cardiometabolic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric MASLD is a major public health concern requiring urgent attention.
  • Further research is needed to understand and manage pediatric MASLD effectively.
  • Multifaceted approaches are necessary for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Keywords:
MASLDNAFLDchildhood obesityfatty liverobesitypediatricpediatric obesitysteatosis

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