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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach
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Subretinal Injection Volume Correlates to Persistent Outer Retinal Thinning in the Pig Eye.

Immanuel P Seitz1,2,3, Ruslan Nyshchuk4,5, Zdenka Ellederova4

  • 1Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|November 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subretinal injection volume correlates with outer retinal thinning in pig eyes. Reducing injection volume may mitigate retinal thinning and improve preclinical therapy safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Preclinical Research
  • Gene Therapy Delivery

Background:

  • Transgenic pigs are vital for preclinical gene and cell therapy testing.
  • Subretinal injection (SRI) is a common delivery method but can cause retinal thinning.
  • Understanding SRI's impact on retinal structure is crucial for therapy development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between subretinal injection volume (SRV) and outer retinal thinning in pig eyes.
  • To compare the effects of balanced salt solution (BSS) and adeno-associated virus (AAV) injections on retinal thickness.
  • To assess the safety profile of subretinal injections in a preclinical model.

Main Methods:

  • Ten transgenic pig eyes received escalating SRVs (50-200 µL) of BSS or AAV.
  • Outer retinal thickness (ORT) changes were quantified using optical coherence tomography (OCT) six months post-injection.
  • Histology confirmed OCT findings of retinal thinning within the bleb area.

Main Results:

  • A significant linear correlation (R² = 0.73) was observed between SRV and outer retinal thinning (ORT loss).
  • Each 9 µL increase in SRV resulted in approximately 1 µm of ORT loss.
  • AAV injections at the highest volume (200 µL) showed greater thinning than BSS.

Conclusions:

  • SRV is a significant factor contributing to outer retinal thinning in pig eyes.
  • Minimizing SRV to <100 µL per bleb may reduce volumetric stress and retinal thinning.
  • Optimizing surgical techniques can enhance the preclinical safety of gene and cell therapies delivered via SRI.