Recent Advances in Bioactive Natural Products from Plant Fruits: Structures, Activities, and Future Prospects

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

• Fruits are rich sources of bioactive compounds like terpenoids, lignans, and flavonoids.
• These natural products exhibit significant physiological functions, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.
• The discovery of novel fruit-derived compounds is crucial for health foods and drug development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review 174 new natural products isolated from fruits.
• To summarize their structures and diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-tumor, and enzyme inhibitory properties.
• To provide insights for future research and development of fruit-derived bioactive ingredients.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of 34 publications from 2020-2024.
• Identification and characterization of novel natural products from various plant fruits.
• Analysis of reported biological activities and pharmacological effects.

Main Results:

• 174 new natural products were identified from fruit sources.
• Compounds include terpenoids, lignans, alkaloids, glycosides, and flavonoids.
• These products demonstrate a range of activities: anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-tumor, and enzyme inhibition.

Conclusions:

• Recent research has uncovered a wealth of novel bioactive compounds from fruits.
• These compounds possess significant therapeutic potential for various health conditions.
• Further investigation into fruit-derived natural products can drive innovation in medicine and healthcare.