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Copper-Induced Nephropathy: Clinical Characterization of 36 Cases and Comprehensive Literature Review
Yi-Ling Li1,2, Jing Chen1,2, Jin-Rong Zhang3
1Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
High urinary copper levels are linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD) severity. Chelation therapy improved renal function, liver function, and anemia in patients with elevated copper, indicating copper
Area of Science:
- Environmental health
- Nephrology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) etiology is complex.
- Environmental copper exposure is an emerging, non-traditional risk factor.
- Nephrotoxic mechanisms of copper require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between elevated urinary copper levels and kidney injury.
- To evaluate clinical manifestations and biochemical indicators in patients with high copper.
- To assess the efficacy of copper chelation therapy for renal dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 36 patients with elevated urinary copper.
- Evaluation of clinical data, biochemical markers, and treatment responses.
- Literature review on copper levels and renal injury.
Main Results:
- Significant correlation found between urinary copper content and renal dysfunction severity (P < 0.001).
- Post-chelation therapy showed improvements in renal function (BUA, P = 0.046), liver function (ALT, P = 0.013), and anemia indicators (HGB, P = 0.034).
Conclusions:
- Abnormal urinary copper levels are identified as a risk factor for kidney injury.
- Copper chelation therapy can be beneficial for patients with copper-associated renal dysfunction.
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