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Related Concept Videos

Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

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Related Experiment Video

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Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients
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Visual Guide to Opportunistic Infections in People With HIV.

Brian P Epling1, Elizabeth Laidlaw1, Christopher Dampier2

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Despite advances in HIV treatment, late diagnosis and poor care linkage remain issues. This special issue focuses on diagnosing and managing opportunistic infections in the modern antiretroviral therapy era for better patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced HIV-related complications.
  • Late HIV diagnosis and inadequate linkage to care continue to negatively impact patient prognosis.
  • Healthcare providers may lack experience with opportunistic infections (OIs) due to evolving HIV management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of opportunistic infections in the context of contemporary ART.
  • To guide clinicians in the diagnosis and management of OIs in the current era.
  • To serve as an educational resource for practitioners managing HIV patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of common OIs.
  • Guidance on diagnostic approaches, including imaging and laboratory tests.
  • Discussion of management strategies for OIs under modern ART.

Main Results:

  • ART has altered the epidemiology and presentation of OIs.
  • Early diagnosis and prompt management of OIs are crucial for improved outcomes.
  • Comprehensive diagnostic tools, including imaging and pathology, are essential.

Conclusions:

  • Opportunistic infections remain a significant concern in HIV care, even with effective ART.
  • Enhanced educational resources are needed for the diagnosis and management of OIs.
  • A multidisciplinary approach integrating clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings is key to optimal patient care.