Exploring physical activity and patient perceptions in knee osteoarthritis: A mixed-methods study
Moayad Subahi1, Fahda Alshaikh1, Eyad Dahlawi1
1Medical Rehabilitation Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
Plos One
|November 13, 2025
Summary
Most knee osteoarthritis patients have low physical activity levels. Barriers include distress and misconceptions, while family support and education help improve management strategies and physical therapy access.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Public Health
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) significantly impacts physical function and quality of life.
- Physical activity (PA) is crucial for KOA management, yet patient engagement is poorly understood, especially in Middle Eastern populations.
- Understanding patient perceptions and barriers to PA is vital for effective KOA treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate PA levels in individuals with KOA in Saudi Arabia.
- To explore patient perceptions, awareness, and experiences with KOA management, focusing on physical therapy.
- To identify barriers and facilitators influencing PA engagement in this population.
Main Methods:
- A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was utilized.
- Quantitative data collected via International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) from 60 KOA adults.
- Qualitative data gathered through semi-structured interviews with 24 participants, followed by thematic analysis.
Main Results:
- Ninety percent of participants exhibited low PA levels (≤600 MET-min/week).
- Qualitative findings revealed barriers like emotional distress, logistical issues, and misconceptions about KOA.
- Facilitators included family support and patient education, highlighting the influence of psychosocial factors.
Conclusions:
- Adults with KOA in Saudi Arabia report significantly low PA levels.
- Contextual, psychosocial, and environmental factors critically shape PA engagement in KOA management.
- Patient-centered education and enhanced physical therapy access are essential to overcome barriers and improve outcomes.
