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Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation
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Lipoprotein(a): An Underappreciated Inherited Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis, Aortic Stenosis, and Abdominal Aortic

Marlys L Koschinsky1,2, Dinesh K Kalra3, Michael B Boffa1,4

  • 1Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada;

Annual Review of Medicine
|November 13, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Elevated lipoprotein(a) is a key risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. New therapies targeting lipoprotein(a) show promise in preventing major adverse events and disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology and Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Elevated lipoprotein(a) is a prevalent, independent, and causal risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Lipoprotein(a) plays a significant role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, aortic stenosis, and abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical evidence linking elevated lipoprotein(a) to cardiovascular diseases.
  • To connect clinical data with pathophysiological mechanisms of lipoprotein(a).
  • To discuss emerging lipoprotein(a)-lowering therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical evidence.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Summary of ongoing cardiovascular outcomes trials for new therapies.

Main Results:

  • Strong clinical evidence supports lipoprotein(a) as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, aortic stenosis, and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
  • Understanding of lipoprotein(a)'s role in these conditions is advancing.
  • Lipoprotein(a)-lowering therapies are under investigation for efficacy in preventing cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated lipoprotein(a) is a critical target for cardiovascular disease prevention.
  • Novel therapies targeting lipoprotein(a) may revolutionize cardiovascular disease management.

Keywords:
atherosclerosiscalcificationepidemiologyinflammationlipoprotein(a)oxidized phospholipids

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