Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Triton All-In-One Irrigation Solution: An InVitro Study

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Dental Materials Science
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Endodontic therapy success relies on effective microbial control and biocompatible irrigants.
• Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are standard irrigants, but concerns exist regarding their cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.
• Triton is a novel irrigant combining NaOCl with chelators and surfactants for simplified irrigation protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Triton compared to NaOCl and EDTA.
• Assessing the safety profile of Triton for endodontic applications.

Main Methods:

• Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts were exposed to varying concentrations of NaOCl, EDTA, and Triton.
• Cytotoxicity was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.
• Genotoxicity was assessed by immunofluorescence staining for DNA double-strand break markers (γH2AX and 53BP1).

Main Results:

• Triton demonstrated cytotoxicity comparable to NaOCl but significantly lower than 17% EDTA.
• Neither Triton nor NaOCl exhibited genotoxicity at tested concentrations and time points.
• 17% EDTA induced a time-dependent increase in DNA damage markers, indicating genotoxicity.

Conclusions:

• Triton presents comparable cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to NaOCl, with significantly lower toxicity than 17% EDTA.
• Triton may be a valuable addition to endodontic irrigation, offering a simplified and potentially safer protocol.