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A Protocol to Set Up Needle-Free Connector with Positive Displacement on Central Venous Catheter in Intensive Care Unit
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Pediatric Peripheral Nerve Catheters: Evolving Practice Beyond the Operating Room (OR)

Deepa Kattail1, Walid Alrayashi2, John G Hagen3

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Anesthesiology Clinics
|November 13, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Continuous peripheral nerve blocks provide safe pain relief for children, reducing opioid needs. With careful use and monitoring, these blocks enhance recovery and have very low complication rates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Pain Management
  • Regional Anesthesia

Background:

  • Continuous peripheral nerve blocks (CPNBs) are increasingly utilized for pediatric analgesia.
  • Established safety and efficacy profiles exist for inpatient and ambulatory settings.
  • Opioid-sparing analgesia is a critical goal in pediatric pain management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the safety and effectiveness of CPNBs in pediatric patients.
  • To highlight recent evidence supporting expanded indications and improved safety measures.
  • To advocate for continued research and infrastructure development for CPNB adoption.

Main Methods:

  • Review of large datasets and recent evidence on pediatric CPNBs.
  • Analysis of complication rates and neurologic outcomes.
  • Evaluation of advancements in dosing, infection control, and remote monitoring.

Main Results:

  • CPNBs demonstrate a low complication rate (approximately 0.04%) with no reported permanent neurologic injuries.
  • Evidence supports CPNB use in pediatric patients with traumatic injuries and coagulation concerns under specific precautions.
  • Advances in technique and monitoring enhance the safety of CPNBs.

Conclusions:

  • CPNBs are a safe and effective analgesic modality for pediatric patients.
  • Proper patient selection, education, and follow-up are crucial for optimal outcomes.
  • Continued research and investment are essential for wider CPNB implementation and improved pediatric pain care.

Keywords:
Acute painAmbulatory peripheral nerve cathetersComplicationsContinuous peripheral nerve blockPediatric regional anesthesia

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