Stress, pain intensity, and work productivity in individuals with chronic pain: a cross-sectional observational study

Chronic pain affects one in three people globally, impacting work performance through absenteeism, presenteeism, and reduced productivity. Factors like mental health, poor sleep, and unhealthy diets exacerbate pain and impair efficiency. Addressing these issues through workplace programs and lifestyle changes could enhance productivity and well-being, improving overall workforce health. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between chronic pain, mental health, lifestyle factors, and work productivity among Spanish adults.

This cross-sectional study analyzed chronic pain in adults. Variables included pain intensity, work productivity, physical activity, diet, psychological health, sleep, and smartphone use. Data were collected via validated questionnaires and analyzed using multiple regression models to identify predictors of work productivity.

This study analyzed 127 adults with chronic pain (72.4% female, mean age 48.12 years). Most had musculoskeletal pain (93.7%), with lumbopelvic (22%) and cervical (15%) regions most affected. Moderate-severe insomnia (61%) and high sedentary work prevalence (65.4%) were noted. Work productivity and absenteeism were associated with pain, mental health symptoms, and insomnia. Depression related negatively to physical activity and diet adherence, while smartphone use correlated with higher depression and anxiety. Insomnia was linked to lower activity and greater psychological distress. Pain intensity and stress explained 18.9% of the variance in health impact on work productivity.

Pain intensity and stress were significantly associated with reduced work productivity in individuals with chronic pain. Implementing strategies for pain management, stress reduction, and sleep improvement, along with promoting healthy habits in the workplace, is recommended.