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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
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The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
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Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
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Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
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The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
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Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
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Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
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[Central or peripheral facial palsy ?]

Friederike Von Boehn1, Anaëlle Lenherr1, Mathieu Firmann1

  • 1Service de médecine, Hôpital Riviera Chablais, Site de Rennaz, 1847 Rennaz.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|November 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A patient experienced sudden left facial paralysis, diagnosed as peripheral facial nerve damage. Prompt treatment with glucocorticoids, physiotherapy, and eye protection led to a favorable outcome.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Sudden onset facial asymmetry and difficulty chewing can indicate peripheral facial nerve damage.
  • Peripheral facial nerve palsy presents with characteristic signs like facial drooping and eye closure difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of peripheral facial nerve damage presenting with unilateral facial asymmetry.
  • To highlight the diagnostic features and successful management of peripheral facial nerve palsy.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination of a patient with new-onset left-sided facial asymmetry.
  • Diagnostic assessment for peripheral facial nerve damage, including neurological evaluation.
  • Treatment with glucocorticoids, physiotherapy, and eye protection.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis of left peripheral facial nerve damage confirmed by clinical signs including labial ptosis and difficulty with eye closure (Sign of Cils of Souques).
  • Absence of other neurological deficits.
  • Favorable clinical evolution following the implemented treatment regimen.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral facial nerve damage can manifest with distinct neurological signs.
  • A multimodal treatment approach including anti-inflammatory medication, physical therapy, and ocular protection is effective.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes in peripheral facial nerve palsy.