[Visceral obesity as a risk factor for breast cancer]

Obesity is associated with some types of cancer including breast cancer (BC). But still there are not so much studies on the relationship between the adipose tissue distribution, visceral obesity (VO), and insulin resistance with the development of BC. This study is devoted to the effect of VO and insulin resistance on the development of BC.

To assess the frequency of VO and insulin resistance in patients with newly diagnosed BC in an outpatient setting.

An observational retrospective study was conducted, including 160 electronic medical records of women with suspected cancer. The control group (n=103) consisted of women with negative histological results. The study group consisted of patients in whom BC was confirmed histologically. Anthropometric data, glycemia, and lipid profile were studied. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the method of descriptive statistics and calculation of the Spearman correlation coefficient with reliability assessment by the Student's t-test.

The maximum frequency of BC is observed in women over 60 years old (80%). The average age in the group of participants with confirmed BC was 64.51±10.30, in the control group 55.81±12.20 (p<0.0004%). The average Body Mass Index in patients in the group with BC was 30.50±4.98, in the control group - 25.76±5.70 (p<0.05). The average Body Mass Index in the BC group was 30.50, in the control group - 25.76 (p<0.05). A high level of VO was found in 82% of patients with BC. We have found that in the group of patients with BC the frequency of occurrence of high Total Cholesterol values is 72%, Triglycerides - 61%, Low-Density Lipoprotein - 68%, while in the group of patients with unconfirmed BC 10, 33, 24% respectively. When assessing indirect signs of insulin resistance in patients with BC high values of the indicators were recorded, which indicates the presence of insulin resistance. In the control group, Visceral Adiposity Index was detected in 22% of cases above normal values, the Triglycerides to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol index was detected above normal values in 12% of cases, Metabolic Index - 1%, Lipid Accumulation Product - 14%.

The results of the study emphasize the importance of VO and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, which is important for early diagnosis and prevention of the disease.