Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Pharmacodynamic Models: Overview01:27

Pharmacodynamic Models: Overview

Pharmacodynamic (PD) responses describe the interaction between a drug and its biological target, culminating in a physiological effect. These responses can be classified into different types: continuous variables, such as blood glucose levels; categorical outcomes, like survival rates; and time-to-event metrics, such as disease progression. Understanding and modeling PD responses are critical for optimizing drug efficacy and safety.PD models describe the relationship between drug concentration...
Operon Model01:23

Operon Model

The operon model represents a fundamental mechanism of gene regulation in prokaryotes, enabling coordinated expression of genes involved in related metabolic or functional pathways. Operons consist of structural genes, a promoter, and an operator, with transcription regulated by repressors, activators, and small effector molecules.Structure and Function of OperonsAn operon is a cluster of structural genes transcribed together under the control of a single promoter. The promoter region...
Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology l01:25

Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology l

Pathophysiology investigates how biological mechanisms—typically starting at the cellular level—disrupt normal bodily functions. It bridges anatomy and physiology to explain the progression of disease. With this foundation, it is important to understand the following key terms used to describe disease processes: Diagnosis:The process of identifying a disease using clinical evaluation, including signs (objective evidence like rashes), symptoms (subjective experiences like pain), laboratory test...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unimolecular micelles as an effective carrier of poorly water-soluble nifuratel for selective <i>in vivo</i> anticervical cancer therapy <i>via</i> mucoadhesive dynamic hydrogels.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Epidermal Patch Technologies for Integrated Healthcare and Infection Management.

Advanced healthcare materials·2026
Same author

Mechano-Organ-on-Chip for Cancer Research.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Noncatalytic Hydrolysis of Epoxidized Castor Oil: A Sustainable Route to Diol-Rich Polyols and Recyclable Polyboronates.

ChemPlusChem·2025
Same author

Correction to "Polyurethanes and Their Biomedical Applications".

ACS biomaterials science & engineering·2025
Same author

Processing-Microstructure-Performance Relations in Thermoformed Auxetic Hyperelastic Foams with Enhanced Energy Absorption Capacity.

ACS applied polymer materials·2025
Same journal

Reassessing the Proposed Creatine-PrP Axis in Endometriosis: Methodological and Mechanistic Considerations.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

IL-7R-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles From the Thymus Drive Colitis via Promoting Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Oral Prebiotic Polysaccharide Hydrogels Sustaining Colon Antibody Release Alleviate Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Systematic Phosphorus-Driven Structural and Field Engineering of n-a-Si:H for Flexible n-a-Si:H/Te Near-Infrared Photodetectors.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Chemically Gradient Ordered Nanodomains Enable Large Tensile Ductility in Gigapascal Lightweight Refractory High-Entropy Alloys.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Single-Molecule Characterization of Bacterial Factor-Dependent Transcription Activation by Rob.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Easy Manipulation of Architectures in Protein-based Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications
08:50

Easy Manipulation of Architectures in Protein-based Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications

Published on: August 4, 2017

7.2K

Programmable Hydrogels: Frontiers in Dynamic Closed-Loop Systems, Biomimetic Synergy, and Clinical Translation.

Guangli Xiang1, Bohan Yin1,2, Behzad Shiroud Heidari3

  • 1School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|November 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Programmable hydrogels are intelligent materials that respond to specific triggers for biomedical uses. This review covers their design, properties, self-executing systems, and future potential in medicine.

Keywords:
adaptive hydrogelsprogrammable hydrogelsself‐adjustable hydrogelsself‐destructive hydrogelssmart hydrogels

More Related Videos

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components
08:17

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components

Published on: July 18, 2018

7.5K
Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
09:39

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Published on: February 7, 2021

8.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Easy Manipulation of Architectures in Protein-based Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications
08:50

Easy Manipulation of Architectures in Protein-based Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications

Published on: August 4, 2017

7.2K
An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components
08:17

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components

Published on: July 18, 2018

7.5K
Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
09:39

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Published on: February 7, 2021

8.7K

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Programmable hydrogels are advanced materials designed for precise responses to external stimuli.
  • They offer significant potential in biomedical fields like drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing.
  • Existing hydrogel systems exhibit diverse responsiveness to triggers such as temperature, gene expression, color, shape, and mechanical force.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review various programmable hydrogels and their responsive mechanisms.
  • To detail the design, fabrication, and underlying properties of these intelligent materials.
  • To explore advancements in self-executing hydrogels and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on programmable hydrogel design and fabrication.
  • Analysis of hydrogel properties (physical, chemical, biological).
  • Examination of self-executing hydrogel systems (self-activated, self-oxygenated, self-expandable, self-powered).

Main Results:

  • Detailed exploration of hydrogels responsive to temperature, gene expression, color, shape, and mechanical force.
  • Analysis of key components like crosslinkers, adhesion groups, and photosensitive functional groups.
  • Discussion of self-executing hydrogel advancements driving next-generation material development.

Conclusions:

  • Programmable hydrogels offer tailored functionalities for biomedical applications.
  • Challenges include complexity, reproducibility, and clinical translation.
  • Future directions involve dynamic closed-loop responsiveness, bionic synergy, and enhanced clinical applicability.