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Differential Assembly of Core and Non-Core Host-Microbe Network Structures Along a Land-Use Change Gradient.

Matan Markfeld1, Georgia Titcomb2, Toky Maheriniaina Randriamoria3

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Ecology Letters
|November 14, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbiome assembly differs between core and non-core microbes. Core microbes are shaped by ecological drift, while non-core microbes respond to environmental filtering, impacting host health.

Keywords:
community assemblyhost‐microbe networkland‐use changemadagascarmicrobial ecologymicrobiomemodularityrat

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Microbiology
  • Host-Microbe Interactions

Background:

  • Host-associated microbial communities are crucial for host health.
  • Understanding how these communities assemble under environmental change is essential.
  • The dynamics of microbial community assembly in response to environmental shifts are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the assembly dynamics of microbial communities in wild black rats (Rattus rattus) across a land-use gradient.
  • To differentiate between core and non-core microbes and identify the drivers shaping their respective network structures.
  • To assess the impact of land-use change on microbial community assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of individual-level host-microbe networks in Rattus rattus.
  • Application of a moving prevalence threshold to distinguish core and non-core microbes.
  • Comparison of network structures and assembly drivers across a land-use gradient.

Main Results:

  • Non-core microbes formed modular networks influenced by environmental filtering (heterogeneous selection).
  • Core microbes exhibited stable, less modular networks primarily driven by stochastic ecological drift.
  • Land-use change significantly altered non-core microbial network structure but had minimal impact on core microbes.

Conclusions:

  • Core and non-core microbial communities assemble via distinct ecological processes.
  • Microbial groups show differential sensitivity to environmental variation and land-use change.
  • This study provides a framework for understanding microbiome assembly under anthropogenic pressures.