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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

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1.5 μm coupled-cavity passively Q-switched self-Raman laser.

Hai Wang, Di Xin, Zhenjiao Shan

|November 14, 2025

Summary

A novel coupled-cavity architecture enabled the first demonstration of a compact, eye-safe, passively Q-switched self-Raman laser at 1.5 μm. This design achieves sub-nanosecond pulses and high efficiency for applications like LiDAR.

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Area of Science:

* Photonics and Laser Technology
* Nonlinear Optics

Background:

* Passively Q-switched lasers are crucial for applications requiring high peak power.
* Self-Raman lasers offer wavelength flexibility but face challenges in efficiency and component damage.
* Existing designs often require complex multi-wavelength coatings and are susceptible to damage.

Purpose of the Study:

* To demonstrate a compact, eye-safe, passively Q-switched self-Raman laser operating at 1.5 μm.
* To achieve sub-nanosecond pulse generation with high efficiency and beam quality.
* To explore burst-mode operation with controllable pulse numbers.

Main Methods:

* Employed a coupled-cavity architecture for the self-Raman laser.
* Utilized a V:YAG saturable absorber optimized for 1.5 μm operation.
* Adjusted pumping width to control burst-mode operation and achieve single-pulse emission.

Main Results:

* Achieved sub-nanosecond pulse generation with a pulse width of 0.99 ns.
* Demonstrated a single-pulse energy of 28.60 μJ and peak power of 28.89 kW.
* Obtained high optical conversion efficiency (4.14%) and excellent beam quality (M² < 1.15).
* Successfully implemented burst-mode operation with controllable pulse counts.

Conclusions:

* The coupled-cavity design significantly enhances coupling conversion efficiency and reduces damage risk.
* The developed laser is compact, eye-safe, and delivers high-performance metrics.
* This laser shows strong potential for advanced applications in LiDAR, laser ranging, and illumination.