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Related Concept Videos

Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

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Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
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Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

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Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Entropy and Solvation

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The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
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Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

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Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
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Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
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Solubility03:00

Solubility

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Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
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Bioinspired wettability boundary stabilizes water sloshing.

Jie Ma1,2, Zidong Zhan1,2, Zihao Zhang1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

Science Advances
|November 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel dual-biomimetic cup design inspired by nature to prevent liquid sloshing and spillage. The innovative design significantly reduces liquid loss in dynamic conditions, offering a practical solution for containment and transport.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomimetics
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Liquid sloshing causes significant spillage, waste, and operational inefficiencies in various industries.
  • Existing anti-sloshing solutions like baffles and foam inserts are often ineffective under dynamic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel dual-biomimetic cup design for enhanced liquid stabilization.
  • To leverage 3D printing and superhydrophobic coatings for improved liquid containment.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of patterned hydrophilic-superhydrophobic boundaries and superhydrophobic notches.
  • Utilizing 3D printing for structural fabrication and superhydrophobic coating for surface modification.
  • Conducting comprehensive tests including centrifugal, vibrational, and real-world transport simulations.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a near 0% spill rate, demonstrating robust resistance to liquid sloshing.
  • Dual-biomimetic cups retained nearly 100% of liquid after rigorous transport tests, outperforming conventional cups significantly.
  • Demonstrated effective dissipation of oscillatory energy and synergistic stabilization of water surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • The bioinspired dual-biomimetic cup design offers a scalable and versatile solution for liquid transport and containment.
  • This approach effectively bridges natural wetting strategies with practical engineering applications.
  • The technology shows potential for widespread industrial adoption to minimize liquid spillage and enhance efficiency.