Treatable Traits of Hymenoptera Venom-Induced Anaphylaxis: A Real-Life-Based Study

Area of Science:

• Allergy and Immunology
• Anaphylaxis Research
• Preventive Medicine

Background:

• "Treatable traits" (TT) paradigm, successful in asthma, has not been applied to anaphylaxis.
• Hymenoptera venom-induced anaphylaxis (HVA) is a significant global health concern.
• This study introduces TT for HVA management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose "treatable traits" (TT) for Hymenoptera venom-induced anaphylaxis (HVA).
• To utilize evidence-based data for developing TT specific to HVA.
• To inform preventive strategies for HVA across all severity levels.

Main Methods:

• A historic-prospective study utilizing the Hymenoptera venom-induced allergy and hypersensitivity database.
• Patients classified into mild anaphylaxis (MA), moderate-severe anaphylaxis (MSA), and nonanaphylaxis (NA) groups.
• Risk factors categorized as modifiable/controllable (MCRF) and nonmodifiable (NRF) to identify TT.

Main Results:

• 602 patients analyzed; 36.2% MA, 26.4% MSA, 35.4% NA.
• Nonmodifiable risk factors (NRF) included age, atopic, and cardiovascular diseases.
• Modifiable/controllable risk factors (MCRF) identified were occupational exposure, adrenaline use, and venom immunotherapy.
• Rapid symptom onset (<5 minutes) observed in MSA.

Conclusions:

• Evidence supports the application of TT for HVA.
• Tailored preventive strategies can be developed for all HVA severity degrees.
• Implementation of TT-based actions is crucial to reduce HVA morbidity and mortality.