Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Gastrulation

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...

Development of the Heart

Development of the Heart

The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Kinemomics: spatiotemporal morphodynamic mapping of ventricular kinematic subpopulations in organotypic fetal heart slices.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Transcriptomic Analysis Suggests Overlapping Molecular Pathogenesis in JIA-Associated and ANA-Positive Uveitis.

Biomolecules·2026

Same author

Restoration of structural organization in engineered cardiac microtissues is promoted by cardiomyocyte beating.

Communications biology·2026

Same author

Immune cell profiling reveals expanded stem cell-like memory T cells in anti-GAD65-associated neurological syndromes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same author

Higher sensitivity to ouabain-induced toxicity in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes than human adult heart tissue despite similar Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase pump current amplitudes.

British journal of pharmacology·2026

Same author

Rivaroxaban Treatment Prevents Atrial Myocyte Hypertrophy in Goats with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation by Inhibition of Protease-Activated Receptor-1.

Thrombosis and haemostasis·2026

Same journal

YAP plays a critical role in myocardial recovery from myocarditis by suppressing IFN-γ signaling pathway.

Cardiovascular research·2026

Same journal

Metabolic crisis and TRPM4 activation cause QT prolongation in TANGO2 deficiency disorder.

Cardiovascular research·2026

Same journal

Personalizing Atrial Fibrillation Therapy: Moving from Genetic Association to Mechanistic Translation.

Cardiovascular research·2026

Same journal

Placental Growth Factor Promotes Endothelial Activation and Inflammatory Remodelling in Pulmonary Hypertension.

Cardiovascular research·2026

Same journal

Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in atherosclerosis: mechanisms, models and therapies.

Cardiovascular research·2026

Same journal

The gut-heart axis in cardio-oncology.

Cardiovascular research·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Improved Generation of Induced Cardiomyocytes Using a Polycistronic Construct Expressing Optimal Ratio of Gata4, Mef2c and Tbx5

Improved Generation of Induced Cardiomyocytes Using a Polycistronic Construct Expressing Optimal Ratio of Gata4, Mef2c and Tbx5

Published on: November 13, 2015

GATA4: orchestrating cardiac development and beyond.

Laura Heuvelmans¹, Dylan Mostert^1,2, Giulia Spanò¹

¹Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Cardiovascular Research

|November 15, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

GATA4 is crucial for heart development and adaptation to stress. This review explores how GATA4

Keywords:

Cardiac development Cardiac disease Cardiogenic transcription factor GATA4 GATA4 regulatory mechanisms

More Related Videos

Light-sheet Fluorescence Microscopy to Capture 4-Dimensional Images of the Effects of Modulating Shear Stress on the Developing Zebrafish Heart

Light-sheet Fluorescence Microscopy to Capture 4-Dimensional Images of the Effects of Modulating Shear Stress on the Developing Zebrafish Heart

Published on: August 10, 2018

En Face Endocardial Cushion Preparation for Planar Morphogenesis Analysis in Mouse Embryos

En Face Endocardial Cushion Preparation for Planar Morphogenesis Analysis in Mouse Embryos

Published on: July 27, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Improved Generation of Induced Cardiomyocytes Using a Polycistronic Construct Expressing Optimal Ratio of Gata4, Mef2c and Tbx5

Improved Generation of Induced Cardiomyocytes Using a Polycistronic Construct Expressing Optimal Ratio of Gata4, Mef2c and Tbx5

Published on: November 13, 2015

Light-sheet Fluorescence Microscopy to Capture 4-Dimensional Images of the Effects of Modulating Shear Stress on the Developing Zebrafish Heart

Light-sheet Fluorescence Microscopy to Capture 4-Dimensional Images of the Effects of Modulating Shear Stress on the Developing Zebrafish Heart

Published on: August 10, 2018

En Face Endocardial Cushion Preparation for Planar Morphogenesis Analysis in Mouse Embryos

En Face Endocardial Cushion Preparation for Planar Morphogenesis Analysis in Mouse Embryos

Published on: July 27, 2022

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Biology
Developmental Biology
Molecular Cardiology

Background:

Mammalian cardiac development and homeostasis depend on transcription factors.
GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) is vital for embryonic heart formation and stress adaptation.
GATA4 function is regulated by chromatin dynamics, transcriptional/post-transcriptional factors, and post-translational modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an integrated overview of GATA4 roles in cardiac development, physiology, and disease.
To examine regulatory mechanisms fine-tuning GATA4 function.
To evaluate GATA4 modulation strategies for cardiac repair and regeneration.

Main Methods:

Literature review synthesizing current research on GATA4.
Analysis of GATA4's regulatory network, including chromatin occupancy.
Evaluation of therapeutic approaches targeting GATA4.

Main Results:

GATA4 is a central regulator of cardiac identity and plasticity.
GATA4's function is modulated by complex regulatory networks.
GATA4 modulation holds potential for cardiac repair and regeneration.

Conclusions:

GATA4 is a pivotal regulator throughout cardiac life stages.
Understanding GATA4's regulatory network is key to its therapeutic potential.
GATA4 biology has broad implications for cardiac research and innovation.