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The Streptococcus suis ble gene does not encode a functional bleomycin resistance protein.

Ashley Belinfante1, Janel Kolar1, Sarah M Shore2

  • 1Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, United States Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA.

Veterinary Microbiology
|November 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Streptococcus suis isolates possess a ble gene, but it does not confer bleomycin resistance. This study found no functional bleomycin resistance protein in tested S. suis strains despite observed resistance.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistanceBleomycin resistanceStreptococcus suis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Streptococcus suis is a significant zoonotic pathogen impacting swine and human health, causing economic losses.
  • Acquired bleomycin resistance is a known issue in various settings.
  • A ble gene, predicted to confer bleomycin resistance, was found in all U.S. S. suis isolates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare amino acid sequence similarity of predicted S. suis bleomycin resistance proteins.
  • To functionally test allelic variants of the S. suis ble gene for bleomycin resistance.
  • To investigate the discrepancy between observed resistance and the non-functional ble gene.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of amino acid sequences of predicted S. suis bleomycin resistance proteins.
  • Functional assays to test the ability of S. suis ble genes to confer bleomycin resistance.
  • Phenotypic testing of S. suis strains for bleomycin resistance.

Main Results:

  • High amino acid sequence similarity was found among predicted S. suis bleomycin resistance proteins.
  • Weak similarity was observed when compared to well-characterized bleomycin resistance proteins.
  • All tested S. suis strains showed phenotypic resistance to bleomycin.
  • None of the tested S. suis ble genes encoded a functional bleomycin resistance protein.

Conclusions:

  • The ble gene identified in S. suis does not encode a functional bleomycin resistance protein.
  • The mechanism behind the observed phenotypic bleomycin resistance in S. suis remains unclear.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the resistance mechanism in Streptococcus suis.