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  5. Agricultural, Veterinary And Food Sciences
  7. Forestry Sciences
  9. Forestry Fire Management
  11. Wildfires Provide More Diverse Habitats Than Prescribed Burns For Saproxylic Beetles And Wood Decay Fungi In Swedish Boreal Landscapes

Wildfires provide more diverse habitats than prescribed burns for saproxylic beetles and wood decay fungi in Swedish boreal landscapes

Emelie Fredriksson1, Isak Vahlström1, Anders Dahlberg2

  • 1Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden.

Journal of Environmental Management
|November 16, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prescribed burns in boreal forests partially restore biodiversity habitats but do not fully replicate wildfire impacts on deadwood and fungi after 12 years. Wildfires provide superior long-term deadwood resources for saproxylic species conservation.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Forestry
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Boreal forests offer vital ecosystem services, but fire suppression has reduced deadwood, impacting biodiversity.
  • Global warming is increasing fire frequency and severity, necessitating effective habitat restoration strategies.
  • Prescribed burns are used to restore biodiversity, but their long-term effectiveness compared to wildfires is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the long-term (12-year) impacts of wildfires and prescribed burns on saproxylic fungi and beetle biodiversity.
  • To assess how deadwood volume, composition, and associated species assemblages differ between wildfires, prescribed burns, and unburned areas.
  • To inform biodiversity conservation goals through prescribed burning practices in Fennoscandian boreal forests.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
BeetlesBoreal forestDeadwood: decadal effects of fireNMDS

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  • A comparative study design with paired wildfires and unburned controls, plus multiple prescribed burns.
  • Sampling of beetles using flight intercept traps.
  • Detailed field inventories of deadwood volume, decay, and polypore fungi.

Main Results:

  • Prescribed burns created less deadwood overall, with lower deciduous wood volumes but higher decay, compared to wildfires.
  • Fungal assemblages in prescribed burns were subsets of those in wildfires, and specific decayed wood fungi were absent after 12 years.
  • Beetle assemblages showed similar richness and abundance after 12 years, but old-growth specialists remained rare; fungal composition differed significantly between burned and unburned areas.

Conclusions:

  • Prescribed burns partially restore habitats but do not fully mimic wildfire's deadwood provision for saproxylic species.
  • To meet biodiversity goals, prescribed burns require higher deadwood production, potentially through larger areas, drier conditions, or added deadwood creation.
  • Protecting natural wildfire areas and avoiding salvage logging is crucial for maintaining long-term deadwood resources essential for biodiversity.
Negative binomial GLM
Permanova
Polypores
Restoration