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Hyperemesis gravidarum.

Melanie Nana1, Rebecca Painter2, Catherine Williamson3

  • 1Department of Obstetric Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK; Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|November 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hyperemesis gravidarum, severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, can lead to dangerous weight loss and dehydration. This review synthesizes recent research on its causes, safe treatments, and outcomes for mothers and infants.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe pregnancy complication causing significant morbidity.
  • HG can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, and adverse mental health outcomes, including suicidal ideation.
  • Barriers to care include concerns about medication safety and misconceptions about HG being self-limiting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on hyperemesis gravidarum.
  • To provide insights into the causes, treatment safety, and consequences of HG.
  • To inform clinical care decisions and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of studies published in the last decade.
  • Synthesis of findings on etiology, antiemetic safety, and maternal/fetal outcomes.
  • Review focused on clinical implications and research priorities.

Main Results:

  • Recent research offers new understanding of HG causes.
  • Evidence supports the safety of certain antiemetic therapies during pregnancy.
  • Short-term and long-term consequences for women and children have been elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • Improved understanding of HG necessitates better patient care.
  • Evidence-based prescribing of antiemetics is crucial.
  • Further research is needed to optimize management and outcomes for HG.