Data-driven insights into post-autopsy consultations: causes of perinatal mortality and parental outcomes

Perinatal mortality deeply affects parents and healthcare providers. Post-autopsy consultations (PACs) help parents understand the causes of fetal death and offer emotional support. This study evaluates their effectiveness in emotional healing, preventing medico-legal disputes, and identifying key death causes.

This retrospective study analyzes 360 fetal autopsies at San Martino Hospital, Genoa (2013-2021). Among them, 120 parents sought PACs. Causes of fetal death were classified using the relevant condition at death (ReCoDe) system, and parental emotional outcomes were evaluated based on consultation timing.

Fetal causes, mainly congenital anomalies, accounted for 52.5% of deaths, while placental causes were 46.7%. PACs performed within 5 months of loss led to better emotional outcomes, whereas delayed PACs were linked to ongoing distress. Parents who attended with partners reported greater emotional stability. Additionally, PACs helped reduce medico-legal disputes by clarifying causes of death.

PACs are crucial for helping parents cope with fetal loss, offering emotional closure and reducing legal disputes. A multidisciplinary approach with clear communication from healthcare professionals addresses both the medical and emotional aspects of perinatal mortality. Tailored follow-up care is essential for supporting grieving parents and managing future pregnancies.