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Shaping Hierarchical Porosity Beads from Metal-Organic Framework Powders Using Freeze Spherification.

Adrián Quindimil1, Roberto Fernández de Luis2, Stefan Wuttke3

  • 1Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Zaragoza (UNIZAR), Calle Mariano Esquillor 15, CIRCE Building, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.

Chemistry of Materials : a Publication of the American Chemical Society
|November 17, 2025
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Summary

Freeze spherification creates hierarchical porous Metal-Organic Framework-808 (MOF-808) beads. This novel shaping method overcomes diffusion limitations, enhancing MOF-808

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Conventional shaping of microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) causes diffusion limitations and pressure drops, hindering industrial use.
  • Developing novel shaping techniques for MOFs with hierarchical porosity, high surface area, and mechanical stability is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a freeze spherification method for shaping MOF-808 powder into spherical beads with hierarchical micro/macro porosity.
  • To determine optimal MOF-808 bead composition using varying solids loading and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) binder content.

Main Methods:

  • Freeze spherification technique was employed to create MOF-808 beads.
  • Characterization of MOF-808 powder and beads using PXRD, IR, TGA, SEM, N2 physisorption, and mercury porosimetry.
  • Optimization of bead composition based on bulk density, MOF surface accessibility, and pore structure permeability.

Main Results:

  • Hierarchically ordered porosity with tunable pore sizes and morphologies was successfully formed in the MOF-808 beads.
  • The freeze spherification method, combined with HPMC binder, preserved MOF-808 crystallinity.
  • Optimized beads retained 86% of MOF-808 surface area, demonstrating superior accessibility and mechanical integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Freeze spherification is a promising method for producing MOF-808 beads with enhanced properties.
  • This technique effectively addresses diffusion limitations, paving the way for industrial applications of MOF-based catalysts and adsorbents.