Making Multidisciplinary Team-Based Care (MTBC) a Success in Primary Care: A Scoping Review Care: A Scoping Review

Patient-centred care is the foundation for safe and high-quality care that enhances patient health outcomes, with multidisciplinary team-based care (MTBC) being a key enabling factor. MTBC is an integrated approach in care provision involving health professionals with different skillsets working in collaboration. Shared goals, clarity of roles, mutual trust, effective communication, and the evaluation of team functions are important for MTBC success. No reviews were identified on the system or cross-organisational approaches that support MTBC in primary care settings. A scoping review was conducted between October and December 2024 to identify international innovations in operationalising MTBC in primary care and the factors that impact its success. The databases searched were CINAHL, ProQuest Central, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, in October 2024. The search terms were informed by two central concepts: MTBC (concept 1) and primary care (concept 2). Concepts of design (concept 3) and factors (concept 4) were added to refine the scope of the search. Following the Arksey and O'Malley framework, the scoping review included 58 articles on data extraction, and confirmed 14 key success factors and 14 barriers that could affect the implementation and adoption of MTBC. The strengths of MTBC in the primary care setting are summarised by six themes: patient-centred benefits, teamwork and collaboration, decision-making and clinical care, communication and coordination, improved access and performance management, and supportive infrastructure. This review further confirms six core benefits and 11 core components of the MTBC model, providing important guidance for MTBC development. A multidisciplinary team-based care model was designed to deliver comprehensive patient-centred care by integrating expertise from various disciplines. By integrating the key elements identified in this review into a specific primary care context, successful implementation of an adaptable MTBC model may lead to improved service delivery and outcomes in primary care.