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Sleep Apnea

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Chinese Children: A Retrospective Study.

Agatha Tang¹, Siyu Dai¹, Chun Ting Au^1,2

¹Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.

Nature and Science of Sleep

|November 17, 2025

Summary

Positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) is common in Chinese children, affecting 58% of those studied. This condition is linked to older age and milder disease severity, suggesting specific risk factors in pediatric populations.

Keywords:

children obstructive sleep apnea prevalence risk factor sleep-disordered breathing supine position

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Sleep Medicine
Respiratory Medicine
Otolaryngology

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant health concern in children.
Positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) is a subtype characterized by sleep apnea events occurring predominantly in the supine position.
Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of POSA in pediatric populations is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence of POSA in Chinese children with OSA.
To identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with POSA.
To investigate the clinical outcomes of POSA in this pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 314 children (aged 4-17 years) diagnosed with OSA.
Inclusion criteria required polysomnography (PSG) data with at least 30 minutes of sleep in both supine and non-supine positions.
POSA was defined as a supine apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI) at least twice the non-supine OAHI.

Main Results:

POSA was prevalent, identified in 58% of the study cohort and 51% of those with moderate/severe OSA.
Children with POSA were older (10.8 vs 9.1 years), had smaller tonsillar size (55% vs 72%), and exhibited milder OSA severity (lower OAHI).
Logistic regression indicated POSA is associated with older age (OR 1.20) and lower OAHI (OR 0.964).

Conclusions:

POSA is a common and distinct phenotype in Chinese children with OSA.
Older age, more mature pubertal development, smaller tonsillar size, and milder disease severity are associated with POSA.
Further research is needed to understand the long-term natural history and stability of POSA in children.