Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

711
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
711
Chirality02:25

Chirality

29.0K
Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
29.0K
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

4.7K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
4.7K
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

1.6K
An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
1.6K
Electric Dipoles and Dipole Moment01:30

Electric Dipoles and Dipole Moment

6.2K
Consider two charges of equal magnitude but opposite signs. If they cannot be separated by an external electric field, the system is called a permanent dipole. For example, the water molecule is a dipole, making it a good solvent.
Theoretically, studying electric dipoles leads to understanding why the resultant electric forces around us are weak. Since electric forces are strong, remnant net charges are rare. Hence, the interaction between dipoles helps us understand electrical interactions in...
6.2K
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

14.8K
Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
14.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Polarization Inversion with Parity-Time-Reversal-Duality Symmetric Scatterers.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Directional dependence of the plasmonic gain and nonreciprocity in drift-current biased graphene.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2024
Same author

Replicating physical motion with Minkowskian isorefractive spacetime crystals.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2024
Same author

Hawking-type radiation in transluminal gratings.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2023
Same author

Engineering Transistorlike Optical Gain in Two-Dimensional Materials with Berry Curvature Dipoles.

Physical review letters·2023
Same author

Ill-Defined Topological Phases in Local Dispersive Photonic Crystals.

Physical review letters·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

12.7K

Topological chiral-gain in a Berry dipole material.

Filipa R Prudêncio1,2, Mário G Silveirinha1

  • 1University of Lisbon - Instituto Superior Técnico and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|November 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how electric bias creates topological bandgaps in low-symmetry conductors, enabling unidirectional edge states. It also shows how chiral gain can generate lasing modes with orbital angular momentum.

Keywords:
Berry dipole materialschiral gain medianon-Hermitian electro-optic effectnon-Hermitian systemsoptical gaintopological materials

More Related Videos

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

9.2K
An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
10:33

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

Published on: February 27, 2019

8.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

12.7K
Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

9.2K
An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
10:33

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

Published on: February 27, 2019

8.9K

Area of Science:

  • Topological photonics
  • Non-Hermitian optics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Low-symmetry conductors with static electric bias can exhibit chiral gain.
  • Chiral gain links a material's non-Hermitian optical response to the wave's spin angular momentum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To uncover the topological nature of chiral gain.
  • To demonstrate how electric bias induces topological bandgaps and unidirectional edge states.
  • To explore the generation of lasing modes with orbital angular momentum.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical investigation of topological band structures.
  • Analysis of non-Hermitian optical response under electric bias.
  • Modeling of boundary-confined lasing modes.

Main Results:

  • Static electric bias induces topological bandgaps supporting unidirectional edge states.
  • These edge states are typically dissipative.
  • Operating outside the topological gap allows chiral gain to engineer boundary-confined lasing modes with electric-field-locked orbital angular momentum.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral gain in low-symmetry conductors possesses topological characteristics.
  • Electric bias can create topological bandgaps and control edge states.
  • This work enables loss-compensated photonic waveguides and the generation of structured light with intrinsic orbital angular momentum.