Rhabdomyolysis and Liver Failure Associated With Nontyphoidal Salmonella Infection: A Case Report

Rhabdomyolysis is a rare outcome of a Salmonella infection. This case presents a 21-year-old male with rhabdomyolysis likely caused by an ongoing Salmonella infection. He initially presented to the emergency department (ED) with severe hyperthermia following extraneous physical activity. His creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels and other labs demonstrated evidence of rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. His stool PCR was also positive for Salmonella. His clinical condition worsened with findings concerning bilateral compartment syndrome, so he underwent bilateral lower extremity fasciotomy. There are limited case reports of a Salmonella infection causing rhabdomyolysis and progressing to compartment syndrome. This case highlights the importance of expanding the causes of rhabdomyolysis beyond its typical causes, such as crush injury and strenuous exercise. A systemic approach leads to a more favorable outcome and prevents further progression or complications of rhabdomyolysis.