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Related Concept Videos

Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...

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Differentiating Ocular Pathogenic Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates Using a Human Corneal Epithelial Cell Coculture

Qiankun Chen1, Yuan Wei1, Jinding Pang1

  • 1Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China.

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|November 17, 2025
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This study developed an in vitro human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) coculture model to differentiate pathogenic from nonpathogenic Staphylococcus epidermidis. The HCEC assay accurately predicts bacterial pathogenicity, aiding in diagnosing bacterial keratitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of bacterial keratitis.
  • Distinguishing pathogenic from nonpathogenic strains is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Current methods for strain differentiation can be time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an in vitro human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) coculture model.
  • To differentiate pathogenic from nonpathogenic ocular Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates.
  • To evaluate HCEC viability as a predictor of S. epidermidis pathogenicity.

Main Methods:

  • HCECs were cocultured with S. epidermidis strains (104-108 CFU/mL) for 12-72 hours.
  • Cell viability was assessed using calcein AM staining.
  • The model was validated against mouse keratitis models and receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Main Results:

  • The 24-hour HCEC coculture assay reliably quantified bacterial cytotoxicity.
  • Pathogenic S. epidermidis strains induced significantly lower HCEC viability compared to nonpathogenic strains at 106 CFU/mL (P = 0.006).
  • A 91.36% HCEC viability cutoff distinguished pathogenic strains with 91.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity.

Conclusions:

  • The HCEC coculture assay is a rapid and reliable method for differentiating pathogenic from nonpathogenic S. epidermidis ocular isolates.
  • The in vitro results showed strong concordance with in vivo keratitis outcomes.
  • This model serves as a practical diagnostic tool for bacterial keratitis.