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Interactions-driven structural morphology and motion in two-dimensional active Brownian systems.

Minna Li1, Guangcan Yang1, Yanwei Wang1

  • 1Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China.

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|November 17, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attractive interactions in active Brownian particles lead to novel non-monotonic ordering. A critical transition from attraction to activity dominance drives complex structural changes and distinct dynamical phases in these systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Non-equilibrium physics
  • Soft matter physics
  • Active matter systems

Background:

  • Spherical active Brownian particles (ABPs) with repulsive interactions are well-understood.
  • The role of attractive interactions in ABPs remains an open research area.
  • Conventional active matter behavior is often characterized by motility-induced phase separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate structural morphology and particle velocity in 2D systems with attractive interactions.
  • Explore the competition between attractive forces and particle activity.
  • Understand the influence of Péclet number and packing fractions on system behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Computer simulations of active Brownian particles.
  • Systematic variation of Péclet number (activity level).
  • Systematic variation of packing fractions (particle density).

Main Results:

  • Discovered novel non-monotonic evolution of structural and velocity ordering.
  • Identified a critical transition from attraction-dominated to activity-dominated regimes.
  • Revealed correlations between topological defects, spatial structures, and particle motion.

Conclusions:

  • Attractive forces significantly impact active matter beyond traditional models.
  • Topological defects mediate the interplay between structural order and velocity alignment.
  • Findings offer new frameworks for controlling collective behavior in active materials.