Scalable iron-squarate MOF catalyst for efficient CO₂ cycloaddition under mild conditions

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Catalysis
• Chemistry

Background:

• Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are investigated for catalytic applications.
• Iron-based MOFs offer potential as earth-abundant alternatives to precious metal catalysts.
• Existing iron MOFs often lack the stability or activity required for widespread use.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize a new porous iron squarate MOF, IEF-40.
• To evaluate the catalytic performance and stability of IEF-40.
• To establish IEF-40 as a viable, cost-effective alternative to cobalt-based catalysts.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of IEF-40, an iron squarate MOF.
• Characterization of IEF-40's structure, including open Fe(III) sites, defects, and mesoporosity.
• Evaluation of catalytic conversion, stability, and recyclability.

Main Results:

• IEF-40 was synthesized and found to be isostructural to FJUT-3(Co).
• The material exhibits open Fe(III) sites, microwave-induced defects, and mesoporosity.
• IEF-40 achieved the highest conversion rate reported for Fe-MOFs to date, with excellent stability and recyclability.

Conclusions:

• IEF-40 represents a significant advancement in iron-based MOF catalysis.
• The material provides a high-performing, stable, and recyclable earth-abundant catalyst.
• IEF-40 is a promising low-cost alternative to expensive or toxic catalysts.