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Multiparticle quantum heat engine: Exploring the impact of criticality on efficiency
Anass Hminat1, Abdallah Slaoui1,2, Brahim Amghar2,3
1Mohammed V University, LPHE-Modeling and Simulation, Faculty of Sciences, in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
Physical Review. E
|November 18, 2025
Summary
This study investigates quantum Otto cycle performance using a long-range Ising chain. Results show particle number and critical phenomena influence quantum engine efficiency differently than classical systems.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Thermodynamics
- Condensed matter physics
Background:
- Quantum many-body systems pose significant analytical and numerical challenges.
- Criticality in quantum systems can enhance thermodynamic engine performance.
- Previous studies explored interacting atomic gases and quantum spins.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the performance of a quantum Otto cycle using a long-range Ising chain as the working substance.
- To analyze the influence of particle number and critical phenomena on quantum engine and refrigerator modes.
- To compare the behavior of quantum systems with their classical counterparts.
Main Methods:
- An idealized quantum Otto cycle with adiabatic transformations and thermalizations was considered.
- The study analyzed engine and refrigerator modes.
- The impact of particle number (10-100), power-law exponent, and reservoir temperatures were investigated.
Main Results:
- Particle number significantly influences quantum Otto cycle efficiencies near the critical point.
- System behavior near the phase transition was characterized using a scaling factor.
- Internal factors affect quantum engine operation distinctively compared to classical systems.
Conclusions:
- Quantum criticality offers unique pathways for enhancing thermodynamic cycles.
- The number of particles and system parameters play a crucial role in quantum engine performance.
- This research highlights differences between quantum and classical thermodynamic cycles.
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