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[Three-day fever-associated liver failure and encephalitis in an infant]

Cecilie Halby Petersen1, Pia Jennes Foli-Andersen2, Anne Louise Bischoff1

  • 1Børne- og Ungeafdelingen, Københavns Universitetshospital - NordsjĄllands Hospital, Hillerød.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|November 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection, usually mild, caused severe necrotizing encephalopathy and liver failure in an infant. Despite intensive care, the infant

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Virology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a common virus.
  • Typically causes mild, self-limiting illness.
  • Rarely leads to severe complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of severe HHV-6 infection.
  • To highlight potential life-threatening complications in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a four-month-old infant.
  • Clinical presentation: circulatory collapse, seizures, cerebral deterioration.
  • Diagnosis: HHV-6-induced acute necrotizing encephalopathy and acute liver failure.

Main Results:

  • Infant presented with severe symptoms.
  • Diagnosis confirmed as HHV-6-induced ANE and liver failure.
  • Condition was unresponsive to intensive medical treatment.

Conclusions:

  • HHV-6 can cause severe, fatal complications in infants.
  • Acute necrotizing encephalopathy and liver failure are potential outcomes.
  • Palliative care was ultimately required.

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