Recognition and Stigma of Gambling Disorder in Singapore

Gambling Disorder (GD) is a highly stigmatised condition with serious psychological, social and financial consequences. Limited public recognition regarding GD may hinder help-seeking, shape beliefs about recovery and reinforce stigma. This study seeks to establish the extent of recognition of GD as well as stigma towards it in Singapore's population using a vignette-based approach. Data from 595 participants from a nationwide vignette-based study on mental health literacy were analysed using weighted analysis and multivariable logistic and linear regression to address the aims. Participants received a vignette on GD and answered questions related to recognition of the condition, sociodemographic information, perception of help-seeking and chances of recovery for GD. Furthermore, the study also assessed stigma across three domains: "weak not sick", "dangerous/unpredictable", and "social distancing". The majority of participants (75.63%) correctly identified the vignette as GD. Informal networks, non-medical professional support and community-based resources were highly recommended help-seeking sources. Majority of the respondents believed that individuals with GD who seek appropriate help can achieve full recovery while those who do not would experience worsening of the condition. Predictors of higher stigma towards GD included older age, female gender, Malay or Indian ethnicity, being married, having friends or family members with similar problem and a high monthly income. While recognition of GD was relatively high among respondents, stigma toward individuals with GD remains prevalent particularly among certain demographic groups. Data from this study can help to improve public health interventions and policy efforts to better support those with GD.