Look to the behavior-but first, define it: toward a behavioral taxonomy of vision

Ritchie et al. (this issue) urge a shift from stimulus categories to behavioral relevance as the organizing principle of occipitotemporal cortex. I argue that realizing this vision requires a formal taxonomy of natural behavior: an ontology that maps how humans actually act in real environments. Only then can we discover which behaviors consistently recruit categorization as a subroutine of adaptive visual processing. Naturalistic datasets that annotate tasks, gaze, and movement provide the empirical backbone for this taxonomy, transforming category-selectivity from a starting assumption into a data-driven outcome of ethological neuroscience.