A new bioactive 6-substituted 2H-pyran-2-one from marine fungus Trichoderma atroviride LL2021-13

A new bioactive compound methyl-3-(2-pyran-6-yl)propanoate (1) and seven known compounds (2-8) were isolated from marine fungus Trichoderma atroviride. The structure of the new compound 1 was identified and elucidated by NMR, HR-ESI-MS, UV, and IR spectra. The antagonistic activities and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compound 1 showed strong growth-inhibiting activities against the proliferation of B16 murine melanoma cells, with IC₅₀ values of 4.4 ± 0.5 μM. Notably, this is the first report demonstrating strong cytotoxicity of 6-substituted 2H-pyran-2-one derivatives, providing novel insights into their potential as anti-tumour lead compounds.