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Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities
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Metformin Nanodelivery System Alleviates Morphine-Induced Analgesic Tolerance via Inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD

Dandan Yao1, Xintong Zhao2, Yi Wang3

  • 1Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China.

ACS Applied Bio Materials
|November 18, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMDmetforminmicrogliamorphine tolerancenanodelivery

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