Angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling lithium-loaded bioglass/GelMA hydrogel for bone regeneration
Zerui Wu1, Bingzhen Zhan2, Shuo Feng3
1Department of Traumatic Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First Peoples' Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, 215500, Jiangsu, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, Central Laboratory, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China.
This study developed a novel lithium-loaded bioglass hydrogel (GM/M-Li) to treat glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GIONFH). The hydrogel promotes bone repair by enhancing osteogenesis and angiogenesis while inhibiting fat infiltration, offering a promising alternative to traditional treatments.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Glucocorticoids are a leading cause of nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in young individuals.
- Current treatments like bone grafting and core decompression for GIONFH yield suboptimal outcomes.
- Adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells contributes to poor bone remodeling in ONFH, necessitating strategies to inhibit fat infiltration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a functional hydrogel, GM/M-Li, for promoting bone repair in GIONFH.
- To investigate the hydrogel's ability to inhibit fat infiltration, thereby improving bone remodeling.
- To assess the hydrogel as a carrier for sustained drug release to enhance treatment efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Synthesized and characterized GM/M-Li hydrogel encapsulating lithium-modified bioglass (M-Li) in GelMA.
- Evaluated hydrogel's biocompatibility, osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and adipogenesis inhibition in vitro using BMSCs, HUVECs, and 3T3-L1 cells.
- Assessed therapeutic efficacy in a rabbit femoral head necrosis model, employing core decompression and hydrogel injection.
Main Results:
- GM/M-Li hydrogel demonstrated suitable mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, supporting cell proliferation.
- Sustained release of Li+ and Si4+ from the hydrogel over 35 days significantly enhanced cell proliferation and migration.
- In vivo studies showed a 50% increase in bone mineral density and a 20% decrease in trabecular separation in the GM/M-Li group after 12 weeks, confirming enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
Conclusions:
- GM/M-Li hydrogels provide a conducive microenvironment for bone regeneration in ONFH.
- The hydrogel effectively promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis while inhibiting adipogenesis, crucial for improved bone remodeling.
- This novel multi-functional regenerative strategy offers a promising therapeutic platform for ONFH, surpassing conventional bone grafts.
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