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Finger motion required for Auslan: A biomechanical analysis.

David J Graham1, Luke McCarron2, Teresa Phillips3

  • 1Australian Research Collaboration on Hands, Mudgeeraba, QLD, Australia; Department of Musculoskeletal Services, Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Southport, QLD, Australia; Griffith University School of Medicine and Dentistry, Southport, QLD, Australia; University of Queensland School of Medicine, Herston, QLD, Australia; Department of Orthopaedics, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Journal of Hand Therapy : Official Journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists
|November 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Effective Australian Sign Language (Auslan) communication requires greater finger range of motion (ROM) in the dominant hand, especially for the index, middle, and ring fingers. This finding guides rehabilitation for Auslan users.

Keywords:
AuslanBiomechanical analysisHandRehabilitationSign language

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Linguistics
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Australian Sign Language (Auslan) utilizes precise finger movements and upper limb coordination.
  • Previous research has not quantified the specific finger range of motion (ROM) needed for Auslan.
  • Understanding finger ROM is crucial for effective communication and patient rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the finger ROM essential for effective Auslan communication.
  • To provide evidence-based guidance for rehabilitation strategies for Auslan users.
  • To establish biomechanical benchmarks for finger joint mobility in Auslan.

Main Methods:

  • Biomechanical analysis of two native Auslan communicators.
  • Tracking of finger joint movement using reflective markers during signing of 28 common Auslan phrases.
  • Calculation of coronal, sagittal, and axial ROM for distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and metacarpophalangeal joints.

Main Results:

  • Increased ROM was observed in the dominant hand's distal interphalangeal joints (index, middle, ring fingers) and the non-dominant little finger.
  • Metacarpophalangeal joint motion was similar bilaterally for index and middle fingers.
  • Dominant hand (right) showed higher overall ROM and interquartile ranges, indicating greater involvement in articulation.

Conclusions:

  • Effective Auslan communication necessitates greater finger ROM in the dominant hand, particularly the index, middle, and ring fingers.
  • Rehabilitation should prioritize preserving motion in these specific finger joints.
  • Lower ROM demands on the non-dominant hand allow for consideration of motion-sacrificing interventions without functional compromise.