Effect of denture adhesive on masticatory function and quality of life of distal extension removable partial denture...

Distal extension removable partial dentures (RPDs) often exhibit rotational movements that compromise stability, comfort, and mastication. Although denture adhesives (DAs) can improve retention, their effectiveness for RPD remains uncertain.

This study evaluated the effects of daily DA use on mastication, rotational movements, quality of life, and satisfaction in mandibular distal extension RPD wearers.

A randomized, crossover clinical trial was conducted with 16 participants (mean age 66 ±9.2 years), all rehabilitated with new prostheses (maxillary complete denture and bilateral distal extension mandibular RPD). After an adaptation period, baseline measurements were obtained for masticatory performance (sieving test - X₅₀), broadness variable (b), rotational movements (VAS and yes/no), quality of life (OHIP-14), and satisfaction (VAS). Participants used either DA and no DA for 30 days, followed by a 7-day washout and crossover. Final measurements were obtained after the second 30-day period. Data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk, repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc tests (α=.05).

Daily DA use significantly reduced rotational movements (P=.025), with improved masticatory performance (P=.02), broadness (P=.04), satisfaction (up to 34.3%) (P<.05), and quality of life, especially in functional limitation and physical pain domains (P<.05).

This clinical trial provides robust evidence supporting the use of DA for mandibular distal extension RPD wearers. Regular DA use significantly improves mastication and quality of life, highlighting its value as a simple and effective adjunct in prosthodontic care.