The Theory of Alpha Oscillations in Attractor Networks

Alpha oscillation activity (8-12 Hz) characterizes the awake resting state of the brain. However, changes in alpha oscillations have also been linked to a wide range of cognitive processes, suggesting their functional relevance. In this article, we present a theory that provides a unifying view of these phenomena. We propose the mechanism of projecting alpha oscillations into the cortex from the thalamus and show that the role of alpha oscillations relies on ensuring the stabilization of the resting state of attractor networks. Our theory is consistent with many (but not all) experimental results and provides the missing link between many previously proposed theories of the role of alpha oscillations. Our analysis is conducted in the context of decision-making. The possibility of generalizing the theory to other cognitive functions, such as attention and working memory, is also discussed. Oscillations are the key aspect of brain functioning. Understanding their role is one of the most important questions in neuroscience. Our paper presents a unifying theory of alpha oscillations capable of explaining many experimental results and generalizing previously proposed theories.