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Management of postoperative otitis media and complications in pediatric cochlear implant recipients: a retrospective
Burak Kaan İnan1, Can Berk Aşaroğlu1, Recep Haydar Koç2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Insights
Postoperative otitis media, including acute otitis media and mastoiditis, is common after cochlear implant surgery in children. Prompt and aggressive antibiotic treatment is crucial for managing these complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
- Infectious Diseases
- Surgical Complications
Background:
- Otitis media (OM) is a frequent complication post-cochlear implant (CI) surgery, particularly in pediatric patients.
- The incidence of OM is higher in younger populations, making them susceptible after CI procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively analyze pediatric patients undergoing CI surgery.
- To focus on the management of acute otitis media (AOM), acute mastoiditis (AM), and otitis media with effusion (OME) in the postoperative period.
Main Methods:
- Reviewed 94 CI surgeries in 59 pediatric patients (January 2020 - November 2023).
- Examined duration, affected ears, and treatment strategies for postoperative otitis media and its complications.
Main Results:
- 18 of 94 CI surgeries (19.1%) had postoperative otitis media or complications.
- Diagnoses included: 10 Otitis Media with Effusion (OME), 6 Acute Otitis Media (AOM), and 2 Acute Mastoiditis (AM).
- Treatment varied from oral antibiotics for OME to intravenous antibiotics and myringotomy for AOM and AM.
Conclusions:
- Postoperative OME, AOM, and AM are significant complications following pediatric cochlear implant surgery.
- Aggressive antibiotic therapy is recommended to prevent and manage these infections effectively in this patient group.
Introduction:
Otitis media (OM) emerges as a prevalent complication following CI surgery, because OM typically has an elevated incidence in younger ages. We retrospectively analyzed pediatric patients who underwent CI surgery in our clinic, focusing on the management of Acute Otitis Media (AOM), Acute Mastoiditis (AM), and Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) in the postoperative period.
Methods:
We assessed 94 CI surgeries performed in 59 pediatric patients between January 2020 and November 2023. We examined the duration of conditions, the affected ears, and the treatment approaches used.
Results:
We identified cases of postoperative otitis media or its complications in 18 of 94 CI surgeries. Of these cases, ten were diagnosed with OME, six with AOM, and two with AM. OME cases were managed with oral antibiotics. Of six patients who developed AOM, four received intravenous antibiotics in the hospital, whereas two were treated with oral antibiotics. Two patients developed AM, one patient received only parenteral antibiotic therapy, and the other patient underwent myringotomy in addition to parenteral antibiotic therapy due to ongoing signs of infection.
Conclusion:
Postoperative OME, AOM, and AM are common complications of cochlear implant surgery. Aggressive antibiotic therapy is warranted in this specific population to prevent complications.
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