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Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...

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Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Published on: January 20, 2023

Recent Progress in Solid-State Lithium Batteries through Cathode Microstructure Engineering.

Hyunji Park¹, Samuel David Miller^1,2, Guanyi Wang¹

¹Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|November 19, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Developing advanced cathode microstructures is crucial for high-performance solid-state batteries. This review explores cathode design, processing, and characterization to enhance energy density and cycle life.

Keywords:

cathode engineering composite cathodes interface microstructure solid‐state batteries

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Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Battery Technology

Background:

High-performance cathodes are essential for unlocking the potential of solid-state batteries (SSBs), including high energy density and extended cycle life.
Current SSB cathodes have limitations in conductivity and active material content, hindering overall energy density.
Validating electrolyte performance in conjunction with cathode development is a critical unmet need.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in cathode microstructures for solid-state batteries.
To analyze the impact of cathode microstructure on battery properties, interface compatibility, and performance.
To share perspectives on future research directions for cathode development in SSBs.

Main Methods:

Review of recent literature on cathode microstructures and their influence on solid-state battery properties.
Analysis of cathode architecture design, interface engineering, and material property correlations.
Examination of advanced characterization techniques for understanding cathode/electrolyte interactions.

Main Results:

Cathode microstructure significantly impacts solid-state battery performance, including energy density and cycle life.
Effective cathode design requires careful consideration of cathode-electrolyte compatibility and interface engineering.
Advanced characterization methods are vital for elucidating structure-property relationships.

Conclusions:

Optimizing cathode microstructures is key to advancing solid-state battery technology.
Future research should focus on in situ/operando characterization and AI/ML for cathode design.
Continued development in cathode materials and processing will accelerate the realization of high-performance SSBs.