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Factors influencing parental presence in neonatal units: A systematic review
Anais Marie1, Bérengère François-Garret1, Ambre Filippi1
1Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur, Nice 06200, France.
Insights
Parental presence in neonatal units is influenced by family traits, unit design, staff relationships, and infant health. Understanding these factors is key to improving neonatal care and family well-being.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal care research
- Family-centered care studies
- Pediatric health outcomes
Background:
- Parental presence in neonatal units (NUs) is crucial for infant development and family well-being.
- Understanding factors influencing parental presence is vital for targeted interventions and policies.
- Enhancing parental engagement in neonatal care improves outcomes for infants and families.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and analyze primary factors influencing parental involvement in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of determinants of parental presence in neonatal settings.
- To inform strategies for increasing parental engagement in neonatal intensive care.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases.
- Utilized search terms including 'parental presence neonatology', 'family integrated care', and 'kangaroo care'.
- Reviewed 23 selected articles from an initial pool of 281 identified studies.
Main Results:
- Parental presence in NUs is associated with five key categories of factors.
- These include parents' socio-demographic and cultural traits.
- Other factors encompass NU layout and care models, staff relationships, parental involvement, and infant health status.
Conclusions:
- Identifying factors affecting parental presence in NUs is critical.
- This knowledge aids in developing effective strategies to boost parental involvement.
- Increased parental involvement ultimately improves neonatal and family outcomes.
Background:
Parental presence in neonatal units (NUs) is essential for infant development and family well-being. A deeper understanding of the factors influencing parental presence is vital and will contribute to the development of targeted interventions and policies that enhance parental engagement in neonatal care, thereby improving outcomes for infants and their families.
Aim:
To identify and analyze primary factors influencing parental involvement in their child's care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods:
A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library for systematic reviews databases, with the following search terms: "parental presence neonatology", "couplet care", "zero separation neonatal care", "family integrated care", "couplet care intervention", "mother-child separation", "parents newborn togetherness", "mother-baby care", "closeness and separation NICU", "mother-infant interaction NICU", "kangaroo care", "dyad mother-infant", and "newborn integrated care". The database search for this literature review began on December 10, 2024, with the final search conducted on April 10, 2025.
Results:
The literature search yielded 281 articles, out of which 23 were selected for a detailed review. The factors associated with parental presence in NUs were grouped into five main categories: Parents' socio-demographic and cultural traits; the physical layout and care model of the NUs; the quality of parents' relationships with the healthcare staff; their active involvement in neonatal care; and the newborn's health status.
Conclusion:
The identification of factors that affect parental presence in NUs is critical for developing effective strategies aimed at encouraging increased parental involvement and ultimately improving neonatal and family outcomes.
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