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Complete stranded RNA profiling during early mouse gonad development.

Fanghong Ou1, Zhangting Wang1, See-Wing Chan1

  • 1School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

NAR Molecular Medicine
|November 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents the first comprehensive stranded RNA profiling of early mouse gonad development, revealing significant changes in various RNA types and identifying potential regulatory networks crucial for reproductive biology.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genomics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Sexual dimorphism in mouse gonads emerges around embryonic day 12.5.
  • Previous research focused on protein-coding genes, neglecting the broader RNA landscape.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform complete stranded RNA profiling during early mouse gonad development.
  • To identify differentially expressed RNAs and potential regulatory networks.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive stranded RNA sequencing of mouse gonads at embryonic days 11.5, 12.5, 13.5, and 14.5.
  • Differential gene expression analysis.
  • Chromosomal ideograph analysis and integration with public databases.

Main Results:

  • Identified thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across developmental stages.
  • Annotated 22 RNA types, with mRNA, tRNA, lncRNA, antisense RNA, snoRNA, and miRNA showing significant variation.
  • Discovered active chromatin hubs and identified specific chromosomes with high DEG density.
  • Confirmed elevated expression of Sox9 TESCO enhancer RNA at E12.5.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first complete stranded RNA profile of early gonad development.
  • Identified potential regulatory networks involving transcription factors, miRNAs, and lncRNAs.
  • Serves as a foundational reference for future reproductive biology research.