Changes in Colorectal Cancer Practices during the Early COVID-19 Period

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Epidemiology
• Surgical Management

Background:

• The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted healthcare delivery globally.
• Colorectal cancer (CRC) management requires timely intervention, posing challenges during public health crises.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the management of colorectal cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
• To compare CRC patient outcomes and treatment strategies between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.
• To evaluate seasonal variations in CRC management during the pandemic.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective study was conducted at a single center.
• Included patients undergoing elective and emergency gastrointestinal operations for colorectal cancer between March 2019 and March 2021.
• Data were compared between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods (Phase 1-2 vs. Phase 3).

Main Results:

• No statistically significant differences were observed in patient demographics, diagnosis, tumor characteristics, recurrence, or mortality between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.
• Hospital admission, surgical approach, stoma rates, complications, ICU stay, and total hospitalization duration showed no significant changes.
• A statistically significant increase in open surgeries and a decrease in laparoscopic surgeries were noted during peak pandemic phases (Phase 3) compared to earlier pandemic phases (Phase 1-2).

Conclusions:

• Colorectal cancer patient management and outcomes remained largely consistent despite the COVID-19 pandemic.
• Treatment strategies, particularly surgical approaches, may need adaptation based on hospital capacity during peak pandemic periods.
• The impact of pandemic phases on surgical technique requires consideration in CRC patient care.