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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

399
Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
399
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

602
Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
602
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

746
Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
746
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

666
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
666
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

472
Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
472
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

349
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
349

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

An Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy Designed to Minimize Anastomotic Complications and Optimize Conduit Function
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Esophageal strictures: Management beyond dilation.

Anupam Kumar Singh1, Arjun Singh1, Rakesh Kochhar2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
|November 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Esophageal stricture management focuses on relieving dysphagia via endoscopic dilation. For refractory cases, adjunctive therapies like steroid injections or stent placement improve outcomes.

Keywords:
Benign esophageal strictureIncisional therapyIntralesional steroidsMitomycin CPeroral endoscopic tunnelling and restoration of the esophagusRefractory esophageal strictureSelf-dilationSelf-expanding metal stentStricturoplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Background:

  • Esophageal stricture causes lumen narrowing, leading to dysphagia and reduced quality of life.
  • Etiologies include malignancy, peptic injury, caustic ingestion, post-surgery, radiation, and inflammatory conditions like eosinophilic esophagitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental principles of endoscopic dilation for esophageal strictures.
  • To discuss adjunctive therapies for managing refractory or recurrent esophageal strictures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on esophageal stricture management.
  • Focus on endoscopic dilation techniques (bougie and balloon dilators).
  • Exploration of adjunctive treatments such as intralesional steroids, mitomycin C, incisional therapy, stenting, and surgery.

Main Results:

  • Endoscopic dilation is the primary treatment for most benign esophageal strictures.
  • Adjunctive therapies can enhance outcomes and decrease the need for repeat procedures in complex cases.
  • A range of options exists for managing difficult-to-treat strictures.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of esophageal strictures aims to restore luminal patency and alleviate dysphagia.
  • Endoscopic dilation is a cornerstone therapy, with various adjunctive strategies available for challenging strictures.