Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Switching of BJT01:22

Switching of BJT

760
Switching behavior in Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) is a fundamental aspect utilized in various electronic circuits, particularly for digital logic applications like switches and amplifiers. In a typical switching circuit, a BJT alternates between cut-off and saturation modes, corresponding to the "off" and "on" states, respectively, thus behaving like an ideal switch.
Cut-off Mode ("Off" State): In this state, both the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are...
760
Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

1.3K
The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA...
1.3K
Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

9.5K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
9.5K
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

376
Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence of...
376
Operon Model01:23

Operon Model

1.0K
The operon model represents a fundamental mechanism of gene regulation in prokaryotes, enabling coordinated expression of genes involved in related metabolic or functional pathways. Operons consist of structural genes, a promoter, and an operator, with transcription regulated by repressors, activators, and small effector molecules.Structure and Function of OperonsAn operon is a cluster of structural genes transcribed together under the control of a single promoter. The promoter region...
1.0K
Network Function of a Circuit01:25

Network Function of a Circuit

611
Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
611

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Algebraic and Diagrammatic Methods for the Rule-Based Modeling of Multiparticle Complexes.

PRX life·2026
Same author

Informational blueprints reveal condition-dependent gene regulatory architectures.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Energetic gradients emerge in developing motor-microtubule structures.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Dynamics of inducible genetic circuits.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Identification and spatio-temporal tracking of ubiquitous phage families in the human microbiome.

Frontiers in microbiomes·2026
Same author

Machine learning models can identify individuals based on a resident oral bacteriophage family.

Frontiers in microbiomes·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness
06:21

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

Published on: May 7, 2018

6.9K

Bifurcations and multistability in inducible three-gene toggle switch networks.

Rebecca J Rousseau1, Rob Phillips1,2

  • 1Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.

Arxiv
|November 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study explores how effector molecules control gene regulatory circuits, revealing how allosteric regulation in three-gene networks enables tunable multistability. Understanding these dynamics is key for designing synthetic gene circuits.

More Related Videos

Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells
09:20

Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells

Published on: July 6, 2021

2.7K
Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling
08:51

Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling

Published on: June 25, 2015

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness
06:21

An Ecdysone Receptor-based Singular Gene Switch for Deliberate Expression of Transgene with Robustness, Reversibility, and Negligible Leakiness

Published on: May 7, 2018

6.9K
Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells
09:20

Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells

Published on: July 6, 2021

2.7K
Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling
08:51

Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling

Published on: June 25, 2015

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Systems Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Gene regulatory circuits exhibit multistability, crucial for biological processes.
  • Theoretical models often lack biological mechanisms for parameter control.
  • Effector molecules are ubiquitous in biological regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Examine the role of effector molecules in controlling transcription factor concentrations.
  • Extend the standard bistable switch model to three-gene networks using allosteric regulation.
  • Explore multistable dynamics as a function of effector concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated allosteric regulation in three-gene networks.
  • Analyzed conditions for tristability and complex dynamics.
  • Studied bifurcations in dynamic phase space by tuning effector concentrations.
  • Modeled effector control using dual-function proteins.

Main Results:

  • Allosteric regulation in three-gene networks leads to rich multistable dynamics.
  • Effector concentrations significantly influence dynamic regimes and phenotypic trends.
  • The mechanism of effector control over dual-function proteins alters available dynamic regimes.
  • Identified key parameters and regulatory features driving phenotypic decisions.

Conclusions:

  • Effector molecules provide an experimentally tunable mechanism for encoding inducible multistable behavior.
  • Allosteric transcription factors, both single and dual-function, are critical for controlling complex gene expression patterns.
  • This work offers a framework for designing synthetic biological systems with predictable multistable outputs.