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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide
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Improving New Doctors' Confidence of Starting Work Through Simulation-Based Training.

Janhvi Shah1, Niraj C Doshi2, Akash Doshi3

  • 1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, GBR.

Cureus
|November 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A simulation-based teaching course significantly boosted final year medical students' confidence before starting as Foundation Year 1 (FY1) doctors. This practical training addresses preparedness gaps, reducing stress and improving patient safety.

Keywords:
doctors in trainingfoundation year 1medical educationnew graduatessimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Healthcare Simulation
  • Doctoral Training

Background:

  • The transition to Foundation Year 1 (FY1) is a critical period for medical graduates, often marked by feelings of unpreparedness.
  • Lack of preparedness can lead to increased stress, burnout, and potential patient safety concerns.
  • Existing mandatory shadowing periods show variability in effectiveness, with FY1 doctors still reporting insufficient readiness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a simulation-based teaching course in enhancing medical students' confidence before commencing FY1.
  • To assess the impact of a seven-year iterative refinement process on course content and delivery.
  • To determine if simulation-based training is a viable method for improving FY1 preparedness.

Main Methods:

  • A free, one-day simulation-based teaching course was developed and refined over seven years using an action research model.
  • Pre- and post-course surveys utilized a five-point Likert scale to measure confidence levels.
  • Qualitative feedback and demographic data, including international medical student (IMG) representation, were collected.

Main Results:

  • A total of 1,406 final year medical students attended the course between 2017 and 2024, with a notable increase in IMG participation.
  • Average confidence ratings rose from 1.99 (pre-course) to 3.68 (post-course) on a five-point scale.
  • Transitioning to a simulation-based format in 2021 yielded the most significant increase in student confidence.

Conclusions:

  • Simulation-based teaching courses are effective in improving FY1 preparedness and confidence.
  • The course demonstrates a replicable and scalable model for hospital inductions and new doctor training.
  • This approach can mitigate pre-FY1 anxiety and enhance readiness for clinical practice.