Volumetric evaluation of the maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography

Area of Science:

• Anatomy and Imaging
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

• Accurate volumetric assessment of the maxillary sinus is vital for dental and maxillofacial surgical planning.
• Factors like age, sex, and nasal septum deviation influence sinus morphology, but their combined effect requires comprehensive study.
• Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers precise 3D volumetric analysis for identifying anatomical variations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively evaluate maxillary sinus volume using CBCT.
• To determine the independent and collective impact of age, sex, nasal septum deviation, and tooth loss on sinus volume.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 120 patients' CBCT scans (60 males, 60 females).
• Standardized scan evaluation and maxillary sinus volume measurement using 3D Slicer software.
• Correlation and regression analyses to assess associations between sinus volume and demographic/anatomical factors.

Main Results:

• Mean right and left maxillary sinus volumes were 14.26 cm³ and 14.44 cm³, respectively.
• Age showed a negative correlation with sinus volume (r = -0.31, p < 0.01).
• Males had significantly larger sinus volumes than females (p < 0.05), and nasal septal deviation was an independent predictor (β = +1257.0, p = 0.030).

Conclusions:

• Maxillary sinus volume is significantly affected by age, sex, and nasal septal deviation.
• Males generally have larger sinus volumes, and increasing age is associated with decreased volume.
• CBCT-based volumetric assessment is crucial for personalized surgical planning, especially with nasal septum deviation.