Influence of environmental temperature on chest compression quality and rescuer physiological responses

Performing chest compressions in high-temperature environments may increase the physiological strain on rescuers, potentially affecting the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study aimed to examine the effects of environmental temperature on physiological responses, perceived exertion, and chest compression performance.

Twenty male participants performed 10 minutes of chest compressions under 2 temperature conditions: 35°C (HOT) and 25°C (CON). Physiological parameters, including rectal temperature (Tre), skin temperature, heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE), were measured. The number of successful chest compressions was also recorded.

The results indicated no significant differences in Tre, heart rate, or RPE during chest compressions between HOT and CON. However, Tre showed a tendency to increase continuously during the recovery phase at 35°C. HR decreased during recovery in both conditions but remained elevated at 35°C compared with resting levels. A significant interaction effect was observed in mean skin temperature, suggesting different thermoregulatory responses between HOT and CON.

These findings suggest that although subjective exertion and cardiovascular responses may not differ significantly, prolonged exposure to high temperatures could influence thermoregulation in rescuers. Future research should explore the long-term impact of heat stress on CPR performance and rescuer safety.